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Launchers, clipboard & automation

Karabiner-Elements

Public-domain keyboard remapper that works below the app layer

Price: Free

Open sourceNothing to buy; source published

Checked on karabiner-elements.pqrs.org, the page Get it opens.

The catch

Anything interesting is a JSON complex modification, and it remaps keyboards only

The full picture

It installs a DriverKit virtual keyboard extension, which you have to approve in System Settings and which occasionally needs an update right after a new macOS release. The preferences window covers simple swaps; everything beyond that is a "complex modification" you import from the community rules list or write by hand in JSON, and there is no visual editor for it. Keyboards only, so mice, trackpads and application automation are out of scope.

Developer account
None needed

What it looks like

Images belong to their developers.

What you’re buying

Karabiner-Elements sits below the application layer, which is exactly why it can do things a hotkey utility cannot. It sees a key event before any app does, so Caps Lock can become a hyper key, one physical key can behave differently tapped than held, and a cheap external keyboard can get its own remapping while the built-in one stays untouched. A great many elaborate Mac keyboard setups have this as their foundation.

Getting there involves JSON. The preferences window handles straight swaps, but anything worth having is a complex modification, which you either import from the community rules list or write yourself in the config file. There is no rule builder and probably never will be one.

The licence is the Unlicense, a public-domain dedication rather than merely a free download, so nothing can expire and there is no vendor to outlive. The developer accepts optional sponsorship and asks for nothing else. The real cost is a driver extension you must approve in System Settings, plus the habit of checking for an update before installing a new major macOS version, because a tool that operates this close to the kernel is precisely what a new OS tends to break.

If all you want is Caps Lock remapped to Escape, macOS has done that in Keyboard settings for years.

What owners report

Points that recur across the discussions below. A report of what users say, not our verdict: we don’t review software.

Praised

  • When it breaks, owners try Hammerspoon, hidutil and BetterTouchTool and report back that those cover only the simplest remaps — the recurring conclusion is that nothing else does this job
  • Tap-versus-hold and hyper-key layouts are what people say they came for, and several describe them as having changed how they use the machine

Criticised

  • Roughly every major macOS release produces the same thread: an update stops it working, owners pile into one issue and wait on both the developer and Apple
  • Because it installs a system driver, owners report failures that reach past the keyboard, up to shutdown kernel panics on newly released hardware

Details

Works offline
Yes
Apple Silicon
Native
On Setapp
No
Minimum macOS
not stated
Developer
Takayama Fumihiko
Source
github.com
The Karabiner-Elements page at karabiner-elements.pqrs.org
The developer’s own page. karabiner-elements.pqrs.org, captured 22 Sep 2026

Also bought outright