Enpass

Enpass is the password manager for people whose objection to 1Password is architectural rather than financial. There is no Enpass account and no Enpass server holding your vault: the encrypted file sits in your iCloud Drive or Dropbox folder, or on a WebDAV box you run, or on the machine and nowhere else. Enpass sells the software; you provide the plumbing. That also means the recovery story is yours — lose the master password and there is nobody to escalate to.

Practically it is a broad, slightly utilitarian app: five platforms, browser extensions, TOTP, passkeys, multiple vaults, biometric unlock. It is less handsome than its rivals and more willing to let you see the mechanism.

Buy it for the $99.99 lifetime purchase, but buy it knowing where that purchase now lives. The website's pricing has drifted toward multi-year plans and the lifetime SKU we could verify is the in-app one on the App Store, which makes the licence an Apple purchase. If you need the same licence to cover Windows and Linux machines and you want it bought direct, check with Enpass before paying for anything. And if a single vault on iCloud for one person is all you need, the free tier and Apple's own Passwords app may already cover you.